Estonia wants to create a digital identity for AI agents

Estonian Prime Minister Kristen Michal announced on June 17, 2026, that the country would create a “digital identity” for AI agents, in the form of a “personal identification code.” He noted that these agents are taking on increasingly strategic tasks, such as “drafting reports, preparing declarations, or communicating with information systems.”

In this context, the system would make it possible to determine “who is acting, on whose behalf, with what rights, and who bears responsibility,” Michal explained. The goal is not to grant AI agents legal personhood or a specific legal status, but to scale up at a national level the oversight mechanisms already used by businesses.

The system would standardize access control procedures, logging, and validation of these tools, and extend them across both the public and private sectors. Michal also sees the initiative as an opportunity for Estonia “to define an international standard for AI agent traceability.”